Travel Guide to Bahrain, Middle East

Situated in the warm waters of the Arabian Gulf, Bahrain is an archipelago of 33 islands, a unique blend of ancient history and modernity. Back in 3000 BC, it was the heart of the Dilmun civilization and an influential trade hub between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Its name means “two waters,” a reflection of the freshwater springs gushing up from the seas of the Persian Gulf.

Bahrain embraced Islam in 628 AD, and was ruled by various Arab dynasties until the early 16th century when the Portuguese took over. They were succeeded by Persians but, in 1783, the Al Khalifa family, originally from the Arab mainland, established their rule over the archipelago. A treaty in 861 gave it British protectorate status until independence in 1971.

Known as the “Island of Pearls”, until the discovery of oil in 1932, it was the first Gulf state to find and exploit these resources. Today its capital, Manama, serves as a cultural and economic hub, blending modern skyscrapers with traditional souks. The annual Formula 1 Bahrain Grand Prix attracts motorsport enthusiasts from across the globe.

Muharraq Island

International passengers arrive at Muharraq Island, the most northernmost of the archipelago and home to Muharraq City, the capital of Bahrain until 1923. Wander through its narrow streets to discover traditional Bahraini houses, many of which have been restored as museums and art galleries.

The Pearling Trail, a UNESCO-listed site, is a 3.5km path that tells the story of Bahrain’s pearl-diving industry, linking various sites which were involved in the pearling economy, especially in the 19th century. Taking place in December, the Muharraq Nights celebration features design, fashion, food, and music across the historic neighbourhoods of the city.

Manama, Bahrain’s Capital

The capital, Manama, stands at the gateway to the largest island of Bahrain and is the largest city in the country. A symbol of the country’s modernity, Bahrain Bay is a striking waterfront development featuring high-rise buildings, luxury hotels, and gourmet restaurants.

Stroll along the promenade, enjoy views of the bay, or dine at one of the many restaurants. A unique way of appreciating its architecture is to take a stand up paddle boat tour around its waterways. Be prepared to get wet, although the water is warm.

Manama Souq

For a true taste of old Bahrain, head to the Manama Souq. Located near Bab Al Bahrain, this warren of narrow streets and alleyways sells everything from spices and traditional sweets to handcrafted jewellery and textiles. Don’t miss the chance to buy Bahraini pearls or dine in one of its many authentic cafes.

Al Fateh Grand Mosque

Built in 1988, at a cost of US$20 million, this iconic mosque covers an area of 6,500 m2 and can hold up to 7,000 worshippers. It’s the most important in the country and one of the largest in the world. Its two minarets dominate the city and the interior is elaborately decorated with Italian marble, Austrian glass and Indian teak.

Visitors are welcome and can join guided tours to learn about Islamic culture and the mosque’s design. Don’t worry about their dress code as suitable coverings are supplied. If you’re lucky to be there at prayer times you can witness the Iman making his call to the city.

Bahrain National Museum

The Bahrain National Museum, in Manama, is one of the oldest in the Gulf region. Its exhibits span over 6,000 years of Bahraini history, including artefacts from the Dilmun civilization, Portuguese and Persian rule. Highlights include a reconstructed A’ali burial mound, dating back to the Dilmun period, and an interactive display about Bahrain’s pearl diving heritage. Interestingly there is no mention of the British.

Qal’at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort)

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Bahrain Fort is around 20 minutes from Manama. This archaeological site dates back to 2300 BC and has been a focal point of numerous civilizations, from the Dilmun to the Portuguese. Visitors can wander through its ancient ruins and explore the adjacent museum to learn about the site’s layered history. Perched on a hill overlooking the Gulf, the fort is particularly enchanting at sunset.

Bahrain International Circuit

Around half an hour to the south is home of the annual Bahrain Grand Prix. The circuit offers visitors the chance to experience high-speed racing or take a guided tour of the facilities. Adjacent is a professional go-karting track, open to everyone, a great way to boost your adrenalin levels and test your driving skills.

Jarada Island

14 km off the coast of Bahrain is Jarada Island, and the boat journey takes around 45 minutes. Basically it’s a sandbank which emerges and disappears with the ebb and flow of the tides. As the waters subside, the island reveals itself as a strip of powdery white sand surrounded by crystal-clear shallows. At high tide, it vanishes completely beneath the waves.

Manama

The shallow waters around the island teem with marine life, making it a haven for snorkelling enthusiasts. Visitors can expect to see colourful fish darting through the coral reefs, and you might even spot a sea turtle gliding gracefully beneath the waves. It’s essential to bring everything you might need, including water, food, sunscreen, although tour boats can provide these.

Bahrain makes an ideal stopover if you’re flying to and from the Middle East but it’s also a destination in its own right. It’s more laid back than its Arab neighbours, and you can enjoy the sumptuous sunsets with a cocktail in your hand. Sure there’s good shopping, but there’s also a wealth of culture and history. And don’t forget those pristine sandy beaches

Factfile

GO: Gulf Air flies direct twice daily from London Heathrow to Bahrain.

INFO: Bahrain has travel information.

STAY:

The Ritz-Carlton, Bahrain makes a comfortable base in Manama. Check availability.
Raffles Al Areen Palace Bahrain is an oasis of luxury close to the Formula One Circuit. Check availability.

EAT:

Timeout Market has a variety of food stalls with dishes from all over the world.
Agaily & Karak restaurant serves up authentic local fare by Bahrain Bay.
The Room is a cool bar and restaurant with a great selection of malt whisky.
Haji’s Café in Souq al Manama served delicious Bahraini breakfasts.
The Beach Bar at Solymar Hotel on Amwaj Island is good for sundowners.

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